Civilizations outside of what is commonly referred to as the “Middle East” made intellectual, cultural and biological imprints in today’s Middle East that are indelible, especially in regard to the waves of migration from Central Asia. In 2014, this sectarian violence led to the creation of a very violent organization made up of many former Iraq Army leaders and soldiers who were removed during Al-Maliki's reign, largely because they were Sunni. flashcard set{{course.flashcardSetCoun > 1 ? It took an international effort to subdue the flames. His time in office became a flash point as sectarian violence between Shia majority and Sunni minority groups increased. A quick tally of publishe… In Libya, the long-time ruler Colonel Muammar Gaddafi's regime of 42 years ended when demonstrators marched in the capital of Tripoli and another large city, Benghazi, in August 2011. Climate change. Most countries in the so-called middle east have a lot of problems because of past or present western colonialism occupation or intervention. I still rejoice in watching these spectacular women embrace life with full stride and the way they always strive to focus on the brighter side of life. Both are free to the public and education makes up a huge amount of the nation’s funds. How have religious differences affected the Middle East? credit by exam that is accepted by over 1,500 colleges and universities. There has been a lingering religious and political divide between Sunni and Shia Muslims for hundreds of years. You can pretty much find anything here. So here are some ideas that I've seen that I think would be perfect for any relationship, whether you're together or apart. Who are the main players in regional politics and religion? The Middle East (1940s- ) was a British military zone during the Second World War set up to defend the Suez Canal and the flow of oil through the Persian Gulf.It was the region “east” of Europe and in the “middle” between Europe and India. It is known for medieval madrasas, underground churches, the birth of the Phoenician languages, and flavorful cuisines such as Fatayer pastries and Tahini pastes. just create an account. . Poorer OPEC countries like Venezuela and Nigeria want to see prices rise to better support their economies. When you create an account with Study.com, you get access to any resource you 350 lessons In Egypt, the regime of President Hosni Mubarak ended when demonstrators took to the streets of the capital Cairo in January 2011. Today, roughly about 85% of Muslims are Sunni and about 15% are Shia. Another major social problem is the lack of work for many people in the region. I decided I didn't need the extra helping, so I went to bed and the guacamole went bad. Syria has a mix of many religions, but the leader as of 2017, President Assad, is of the Alawite, which are closely aligned with Shia and Iran. Origins of the Term 'Middle East' Clayton R. Koppes One of the paradoxes of the Middle East is the origin of its very name. Radhi, SUNY Stony Brook3. By 1943 it was more common than “Near East”, the older term for the region.. There has also been a rise of Arab woman's rights throughout the region as they demand jobs, education, the right to participate in government and voting. Johnson Administration: 1963–1968 . In Egypt, the regime of President Hosni Mubarak ended when demonstrators took to the streets of the capital Cairo in January 2011. Unfortunately the Syrian war and the birth of ISIS has destroyed many of the cultural and diverse religious monuments of the Levant. For some, it is difficult to name the continents that the nations of the “Middle East” include, and many are unaware of the influence that American colonialism has had on this term. flashcard sets, {{courseNav.course.topics.length}} chapters | The first is to confuse the Arab world with the Middle East. We will also use the term because it is currently in dominant usage over other All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. 's' : ''}}. How similar or different are these forces from those that shaped the culture of Western nations? Bahrainis, part of the Gulf state, are actually known to be very generous and hospitable to many immigrants, thus Farsi and Urdu are widely spoken. the same European perspective that described Eastern Asia as \"the Far East Quiz & Worksheet - Overview of Lewis Dot Structures, Flashcards - Real Estate Marketing Basics, Flashcards - Promotional Marketing in Real Estate, How to Differentiate Instruction | Strategies and Examples, Holt McDougal Algebra 2: Online Textbook Help, Introduction to Political Science: Tutoring Solution, High School Physical Science: Homework Help Resource, ILTS Environmental Science: Nature and Properties of Energy, Quiz & Worksheet - Activities for Project-Based Learning, Quiz & Worksheet - Durkheim & Malinowski on Functionalism, Quiz & Worksheet - Overjustification Effect, Quiz & Worksheet - Public Law Enforcement, Types of Defense Against a Criminal Charge, ADA Amendments Act of 2008: Summary & Regulations, Good Persuasive Writing Topics for High School, Tech and Engineering - Questions & Answers, Health and Medicine - Questions & Answers. The continuing fallout from the Arab uprisings, currently centred on events in Syria and Yemen, is one recent reminder. When pursuing a degree that most deem 'useless' or a 'waste of time' there happens to be a lot of self-doubt and fear, especially with the pending doom of graduation around the corner. Turkish youth are known to be progressive and participatory in government affairs, with women… Alternatively, I would like to propose the term sectarianisation and its verb cognate to sectarianse, which has better explanatory value. I looked down at my thumb today. Despite the distance though, my mind has been reeling over what to get him, as one of my main love languages is gift-giving. Turkey is also home to beautiful tourist destinations such as Istanbul and Ankara. Create an account to start this course today. all of You're driving to the grocery store when your phone buzzes in your pocket. first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. "The Middle East, if I may adopt a term which I have not seen, will some day need its Malta, as well as its Gibraltar . In your opinion, is the Muslim sectarian violence based on politics, economics or geopolitics? In an immediate sense, the Crusades had a terrible effect on some of the Muslim and Jewish inhabitants of the Middle East. Although the oil industry is associated with some of the countries in the Mid-East, the major producers are along the Gulf of Arabia - Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Bahrain, and Oman. Traditionally, it just means countries in the area of Egypt, Turkey, the Arabian Peninsula, and Iran. The problem with Trump’s approach to the Middle East is not actually inconsistency but rather the scattershot quality of his encounters with the region. There are several merchants aligned in its sea districts selling incense, sandalwood, crafts and foods. Study.com’s lessons, Sunni Muslims believe there was no direct successor while Shia Muslims believe there was. The "Middle East" is diverse in languages, economies, governments, religions, traditions and issues. The Middle East is an incredibly large swatch of the earth including millions of people who speak different languages, pray differently, and have very colorful worldviews. Just like diamonds are a girl's best friend, so are pearls, rubies, gold, emeralds, and any type of luxurious jewelry you can get your hands on! imaginable degree, area of Oman has a fantastic reputation for trade relations. The Middle East might just be a problem that can't be solved – least of all by Arab dictators. Culturally-speaking, it is difficult to limit the Middle East to a geographic area with hard borders. In the 2010s there has been great dissension among the members in setting the oil production goals. Some have suggested that the term “Middle East” is problematic because it is, undeniably, a Western term reflecting a Western perspective. Study.com has thousands of articles about every Syria (Al Shams/ “The Sun Region”) is home to one of the oldest civilizations in the world. Colleges and Universities. Several Pakistanis are also fluent in English--the second national language. Its wedding traditions and rituals are long and widely valued. . study {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}} lessons They use it every day. It is also home to several biblical tales, such as that of Noah and Sheba, and is referred to as the “Land of Milk and Honey.”. Lebanon itself has a parliament that incorporates the Druze, Muslim, Jewish, and Christian religions. This was fought citing Hussein's possible harboring weapons of mass destruction (though oil industry power was also on the table). The term 'Middle East' has become synonymous with Islam for the majority of the world and the same is true for the academic discourse that surrounds the region. Each and every day, we have a choice. It currently has thirteen members including countries outside the Mid-East. All rights reserved. … The long-term effects of the Balfour Declaration, and the British government’s involvement in Palestinian affairs, are felt even today. In the past, I've written about the lies we tell ourselves. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree. In the late 1910’s the government of Britain separated Ottoman regions, while Russia had been planning on setting an imperative in India. He has worked in schools from K-12. Turkey is also home to beautiful tourist destinations such as Istanbul and Ankara. Quiz & Worksheet - What is the Fairness Doctrine? It has introduced quality sports such as camel racing, and has even attained the Guinness World Record for largest fireworks display (competing with neighboring UAE). the term “Middle Eastern” became popularized in reference to Pakistan after Osama bin Laden’s death there). Its politics and international relations have also occupied a central place in the history of this journal, reflecting both the importance of British interests in the Middle East and the significance of the region in international relations more generally. 1. The Middle East, Wolfowitz lamented, was an area “where people only know how to create problems.” The result has been a perpetual tension: The Middle East might require American attention and management, but it was also a source of dangers and distractions that most U.S. officials would have been just as happy to avoid. If you are in the same situation I am, then you are probably doing your 3rd semester of online/hybrid school. During that period, Gaddafi was killed by local demonstrators. Middle Eastern countries are often categorized as having combinations of oil money, rapid stages of revolution, violence, extremism, and/or Arab and Islamic influences. Clare Regelbrugge, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Sign in to comment to your favorite stories, participate in your community and interact with your friends. Everyone's made the mistake of looking at their phone while in the driver's seat, but not everyone gets home safely afterward. Did you know that Yemen is where “Turkish coffee” actually originated? One of the key issues facing the Mid-East countries is the lower oil prices in commodity markets worldwide. Hussein was later captured by US troops, tried, and executed. The Orient, to scholars, represented the ‘Far East’: a set of countries within the Middle East and Asia. To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page. Once a semester I use Study.com to prepare for all my finals. The greater Middle East ties countries together based on cultural, religious, linguistic, or political ties, and covers parts of North Africa, all the way to Central Asia. It has beautiful beaches, mountain regions and villages, and is generally a comforting tourist location with a strong Portuguese influence. The future of the region hangs in the balance. Because of this the leaders of many of the Mid-East are in constant fear of Arab Spring demonstrations. Thus, the loose term “Middle East” is used to simplify intercontinental lands in order to militarily categorize diverse regions of the world. Songs About Being 17Grey's Anatomy QuotesVine Quotes4 Leaf CloverSelf Respect, 1. Select who you are below, and we'll recommend a plan for you. Although the Middle East has its own long and distinct history, the term by which it is known today originated barely seventy years ago, and not in the region itself, but in Europe. The Middle East region has long attracted and continues to attract very high levels of interest among scholars and policy-makers. The Middle East (Mid-East) has often been center stage in the news media. Here are some creative, thoughtful gifts for you! At the United Nations, the numerous documents and resolutions about the Middle East are in fact concerned with the Arab–Israeli conflict, in particular the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and, therefore, with the four states of the Levant. Learn why it's better to avoid distracted driving so you don't become one of these statistics this year: Even at my lowest, the number on the scale never seemed low enough... but was it ever worth the risk of losing my life? I feel prepared to pass all of my classes. Turkey is a land of mystical theories--such as the idea of fairies creating the caves of Cappadocia’s desert chimneys. Saudi Arabia refused to lower production (which would drive up commodity pricing), causing great controversy among the members. Women could own property, perform business deals, and initiate divorces while having honorable professions--such as being doctors and priestesses. I know haven't been eating enough. Thousands have already died in those perilous journeys, and the migrations and fighting have left a toll on the land itself. The exact amount of toxins and smoke-related damages may never be known. The rise of ISIS in the region has caused environmental problems in a few ways. Old problems have aggravated and new challenges have risen. Get the unbiased info you need to find the right school. Germany's Halle attack reveals problems with the term 'antisemitism' ... the term “antisemitism” has often ... Shir Hever is a board member of the Jewish Voice for a Just Peace in the Middle East. People there do not think of themselves as "middle eastern". Turkish youth are known to be progressive and participatory in government affairs, with women's rights and environmental issues being investigated in the region’s policies. Although there are many problems in the “Middle East,” such as wars, legal traditions, women’s rights, environmental rights and employee treatment, we must recognize that the “Middle East” is much more than what Western media shows the world; even the West has a host of issues it needs to solve. Get access risk-free for 30 days, During the First Crusade, for example, adherents of the two religions joined together to defend the cities of Antioch (1097 CE) and Jerusalem (1099) from European Crusaders who laid siege to them. OPINION | Washington and the World. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal In this lesson, examine the religious, social, economic, and environmental factors over the last 30 years that makes the Middle East a complex yet interesting study. But most importantly, “Middle Eastern” countries have been stigmatized in the West, thus it is important to note the cultural beauty of such nations. Iran is home to Sufi monks who practice the dervish -- a mystical trance performed in order to connect to God. As Valentine's Day approaches, I realized that it's the first Valentine's Day I have had with my boyfriend that we're more than 6,000 miles apart. Jennifer Kustanovich, SUNY Stony Brook5. "The Golden Girls" created history when it first premiered in 1985 setting the stage of strong-willed female characters who are aging gracefully with dignity. Holy sites destroyed crossed both Islamic and Christian lines and include the Christian Virgin Mary Church in Mosul, and two Muslim mausoleums in the ancient city of Palmyra. The status of women varies widely in the Middle East, and one should not project the norms in Saudi Arabia—one of the most sexist and oppressive states in the region—onto the larger Muslim world. This caused an immense amount of black smoke to cover substantial portions of Kuwait, drifting into Saudi Arabia. Before going any further, the first apparent problem with studies of the ‘Orient’ is defining what the ‘Orient’ is. So if you are currently looking to purchase jewelry for yourself or as a romantic gift for your S.O., you should definitely look at the marvelous and ornately designed Lane Woods Jewelry collection. Trump’s Win Is a Loss for the Middle East. Create your account. Services. This was largely due to the sectarian government led by Shia leader Nouri al-Maliki who became Prime Minister in 2006 until 2014. Visit the GACE Middle Grades Social Science (015): Practice & Study Guide page to learn more. There are two common mistakes that are often made when referring to the Middle East. The USA joined by Russia, France, Turkey, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and other Gulf states have formed a coalition that bombs ISIS sites and strongholds. I've written about how thoughts can be destructive, how they can have power over who we are. Fires remain a constant problem that must be prevented in the oil production process. It is a treasure trove filled with humorous scenes and situations that will always be relevant to watch. Not sure what college you want to attend yet? A term which originated in the west to pack up a group of regions and nations which have different languages, history, and culture. The U.S. has led two wars against Iraq. Many people in the East settle in these nations, seeking good jobs and access to beautiful sights. Not being at school or not attending classes in person definitely makes learning and studying a lot harder. During the Gulf War, during the Iraqi retreat from Kuwait, soldiers set fire to many oil wells in the region. The Middle East is one of the world’s continual hotbeds for conflict. What type of government did Egypt have before the Revolution? Quiz & Worksheet - Current Middle Eastern Social Issues, Over 83,000 lessons in all major subjects, , you're guaranteed to find what you need. Egypt is North African, Turkey is half European-half Asian, and the rest of the "Middle Eastern" countries are Asian countries in the South West and central South. | 37 The Middle East is the region that arguably has the most vivid and complicated history. As this essay will detail, debates over the term have provided an important axis around which discussions of political identity revolve. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}}, The Ottoman Empire: Changes, Politics & Developments, The Creation of Israel in 1948: Timeline & Resulting Conflicts, Israeli Statehood and the Arab-Israeli War of 1948, Decolonization and Nationalism in Indonesia, Vietnam, India & Pakistan, European Imperialism in India & the British East India Company, Muslim and Hindu Conflict in India and the Partition of India and Pakistan, Communism Spreads During the Vietnam War: Cambodia and Laos, The Korean War: Causes, Effects and The United Nations, The Vietnam War: Causes, Conflicts & Effects, Post-War Asia: Korea's Partition & Reconstruction of Japan's Government, Post-WWII Independence Movements Around the World: History & Examples, Overview of Asia from 1945 to the Present, GACE Middle Grades Social Science (015): Practice & Study Guide, Biological and Biomedical . That leaves many countries without oil to support their economy, including Jordan, Lebanon, and to a lesser degree Egypt. This term stands for Middle East and North Africa. Overall, these nations are cultural melting pots. Select a subject to preview related courses: This organization, known as the Islamic State of Iraq & Syria (ISIS) have committed murder, rape, destruction of ancient sites, forced movement of entire communities, and bombing of cities around the world with either direct members or sympathizers taking part. How did Persia (Iran) counter Western Imperialism in the 20th century? I already told all my homeschool friends about it. Contemporary issues of the Middle East include: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Once a semester I use Study.com to prepare for all my finals. In Saudi Arabia, women have been given some leeway in working with and within the government. We will use it throughout this text in its most inclusive definitions and will refrain from assigning definitive boundaries. Because I know this struggle all too well, I put together a list of study tips to hopefully help us all succeed a little more this semester. Although it is quickly identified with war and conflict, how much do you really know about specific issues faced in the region? 2. Qatar and the UAE are epitomes of luxurious living. To be perfectly honest, I wasn't sure how to write this article. Brittany Morgan, National Writer's Society2. As of early 2017, ISIS remains a force in the Iraq and Syria region where they hope to develop their own nation state or caliphate. Saudi Arabia considers education and health care of great importance. The first was the Gulf War in 1990 - 1991, where allied countries recaptured Kuwait from then Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. One of the major social issues happening in the Mid-East is the rise of 'Arab Spring' demonstrations throughout the region, forcing the change of governments such as Libya and Egypt. The British Navy should have the facility to concentrate in force, if occasion arises, about Aden, India and the Gulf." Kristen Haddox, Penn State University4. Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. Make it a good one. A woman is incomplete without a piece of jewelry on her and it is a gorgeous accessory required for all occasions. 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